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Artificial intelligence in radiotherapy: a technological review

Ke Sheng

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4,   Pages 431-449 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0761-1

Abstract: Radiation therapy (RT) is widely used to treat cancer. Technological advances in RT have occurred in the past 30 years. These advances, such as three-dimensional image guidance, intensity modulation, and robotics, created challenges and opportunities for the next breakthrough, in which artificial intelligence (AI) will possibly play important roles. AI will replace certain repetitive and labor-intensive tasks and improve the accuracy and consistency of others, particularly those with increased complexity because of technological advances. The improvement in efficiency and consistency is important to manage the increasing cancer patient burden to the society. Furthermore, AI may provide new functionalities that facilitate satisfactory RT. The functionalities include superior images for real-time intervention and adaptive and personalized RT. AI may effectively synthesize and analyze big data for such purposes. This review describes the RT workflow and identifies areas, including imaging, treatment planning, quality assurance, and outcome prediction, that benefit from AI. This review primarily focuses on deep-learning techniques, although conventional machine-learning techniques are also mentioned.

Keywords： artificial intelligence     radiation therapy     medical imaging     treatment planning     quality assurance     outcome prediction    

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Long-term results of suppressing thyroid-stimulating hormone during radiotherapy to prevent primary hypothyroidism

Maura Massimino, Marta Podda, Lorenza Gandola, Emanuele Pignoli, Ettore Seregni, Carlo Morosi, Filippo Spreafico, Andrea Ferrari, Emilia Pecori, Monica Terenziani

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1,   Pages 101-107 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0752-2

Abstract: Primary hypothyroidism commonly occurs after radiotherapy (RT), and coincides with increased circulatingwith medulloblastoma/PNET plus 14 with HL, scheduled for craniospinal irradiation and mediastinum/neck radiotherapyFrom 14 days before and up to the end of radiotherapy, patients were administered L-thyroxine checkingwith medulloblastoma/PNET and all the 14 patients with HL were alive after a median 231 months from radiotherapy

Keywords： iatrogenic primary hypothyroidism     late effects of radiotherapy     long-term follow-up     medulloblastoma     Hodgkin    

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Clinical response with functional image during radiotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Yu Jinming

Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 7,   Pages 9-19

Abstract:

18F-FLT uptake can be used to monitor the biological response of esophageal SCC and normal tissue to RT. Increased uptake of 18F-FLT following treatment interruptions may reflect accelerated repopulation. 18F-FLT PET may have advantages compared to 18F-FDG PET in differentiating inflammation from tumor. 18F-FLT PET may help oncologists predict treatment response as early as one week after the beginning of treatment and estimate clonogenic repopulation during RT. 18F-FETNIM PET can depict hypoxia in esophageal SCC. Prior to CCRT, tumor hypoxia demonstrates spatial variability in different days, though overall 18F-FETNIM uptake remains similar. Baseline SUVmax may be predictive of treatment response.

Keywords： esophageal carcinoma     radiotherapy     positron emission     tomography accelerated repopulation     hypoxia    

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Improved local control without elective nodal radiotherapy in patients with unresectable NSCLC treated

YANG Kunyu, LIU Li, ZHANG Tao, WU Gang, CAO Fengjun, WANG Jianhua

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 381-385 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0074-7

Abstract: investigate the influence of prophylactic elective nodal irradiation on the therapeutic results of definitive radiotherapyone group, the elective nodal irradiation was included in clinical tumor volume (CTV) of definitive radiotherapy

Keywords： significant difference     irradiation     unresectable non-small-cell     induction chemotherapy     influence    

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Neoadjuvant radiohormonal therapy for oligo-metastatic prostate cancer: safety and efficacy outcomes from an open-label, dose-escalation, single-center, phase I/II clinical trial

Frontiers of Medicine 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2,   Pages 231-239 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0939-9

Abstract: (CHiCTR1900025743), in which long-term neoadjuvant androgen deprivation was adopted 1 month before radiotherapy, comprising intensity modulated radiotherapy to the pelvis, and stereotactic body radiation therapy

Keywords： neoadjuvant     radiotherapy     oligometastatic     prostate cancer     radical prostatectomy    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Artificial intelligence in radiotherapy: a technological review

Ke Sheng

Journal Article

Long-term results of suppressing thyroid-stimulating hormone during radiotherapy to prevent primary hypothyroidism

Maura Massimino, Marta Podda, Lorenza Gandola, Emanuele Pignoli, Ettore Seregni, Carlo Morosi, Filippo Spreafico, Andrea Ferrari, Emilia Pecori, Monica Terenziani

Journal Article

Clinical response with functional image during radiotherapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Yu Jinming

Journal Article

Improved local control without elective nodal radiotherapy in patients with unresectable NSCLC treated

YANG Kunyu, LIU Li, ZHANG Tao, WU Gang, CAO Fengjun, WANG Jianhua

Journal Article

Neoadjuvant radiohormonal therapy for oligo-metastatic prostate cancer: safety and efficacy outcomes from an open-label, dose-escalation, single-center, phase I/II clinical trial

Journal Article